Grammar Patterns
Learn how and when to use each grammar pattern, with example sentences.
Random practice (N5)～は～です — A is B
N5Basic polite sentence: stating what something is.
は vs が — Topic vs Subject Marker
N5The classic beginner question: when to use は and when to use が.
は vs が — Topic vs Subject
N5When to use は and when to use が.
～を — Direct object
N5Marks the object of an action.
～に — Time, destination, target
N5Particle に for time points, destinations, and indirect objects.
～で — Place of action, means
N5で marks where an action happens or the tool/means used.
～ます form — Polite verbs
N5Polite present/future, negative, and past verb forms.
～たい — Want to do
N5Express your own desire to do something.
～ましょう — Let's
N5Suggest doing something together.
～てください — Please do
N5Polite request using the て-form.
～ています — Progressive / state
N5Ongoing action or resulting state.
～ない — Plain negative
N5Plain negative form of verbs.
い・な adjectives
N5Using い-adjectives and な-adjectives.
～があります／います — Existence
N5Saying something exists.
～から～まで — From … to …
N5Starting and ending points of time or place.
～と・も — And, with, also
N5と connects nouns or marks companion; も means also.
～から — Because
N5Gives a reason.